CLIMATE CHANGE IMPACTS OF BANGLADESH

Bangladesh might be one of the most vulnerable countries on the globe to climate change. Bangladesh is often a disaster-prone country. Almost yearly, the country experiences disasters of a single kind or another - including tropical cyclones, storm spikes, coastal erosion, floods, and droughts - causing heavy decrease of life and property along with jeopardizing the development pursuits. Most of the local climate change impacts in Bangladesh will certainly come from the south - that may be, the Bay of Bengal plus the adjoining Storms of this specific intensity historically happen throughout Bangladesh once every 20 for you to 30 years. But two "super-cyclones" in a couple of years, followed by a slim escape when super-cyclone Nargis slain 100, 000 people in nearby Burma 12 months later, convinced Sultan along with her village, as well numerous sceptics in government, that climate change ended up being happening and Bangladesh's very survival was threatened.

Deaths associated with noteworthy tropical cyclone disasters in Bangladesh (Revised after Ali & Chowdhury 1997)

Year	Country	Death
1960	Bangladesh	5 149
1961	Bangladesh	11 468
1963	Bangladesh	11 520
1965	Bangladesh	19 279
1965	Bangladesh	12 000
1970	Bangladesh	500 000
1985	Bangladesh	11 069
1988	Bangladesh	5 708
1991	Bangladesh	138 000

Thunderstorm surges are generated because of the winds and the atmospheric pressure changes regarding cyclones. Wind is the leading contributing factor (90%).

Alter Effects for Dhaka

Dhaka, the capital of Bangladesh and one of many world’s largest megacities accommodates greater than 13. 1 million folks within its 1, 353 rectangular kilometre area. According to the most up-to-date UN estimate,its human population will reach16.8 thousand by 2015. This megacity consists Dhaka City Corporation and also five adjacent municipal locations, namely Savar, Narayanganj, Gazipur, and also Tongi.

In 2005, Dhaka Metropolis Corporation, the heart with the megacity, covered 276 square kilometres and had a complete population of 14. some million (2003). The city is surrounded from the Buriganga River south, the Balu and Shitalakhya rivers for the east, the Tongi canal for the north and the Turag River for the west. Climate and cities use a long relationship that is currently becoming more complex. Weather change will affect Dhaka largely in two ways: by means of floods/drainage congestion and by means of heat stress. The melting of glaciers and snow inside the Himalaya and increasing rainfall will cause more frequent flooding inside Bangladesh. The water logging and drainage congestion as a result of river floods and excessive rainfall through the monsoon are already creating very serious damage. Moreover, Dhaka may also confront “heat island” problems because temperatures inside the city are a few degrees more than in the surrounding locations. Indeed, vehicle exhaust emissions, industrial activity and increasing usage of air conditioning are causing heat.

Dhaka has faced several severe floods since its start and its vulnerability to these triggered the building of the particular Buriganga River flood embankment inside 1864. Severe flooding in Better Dhaka is mainly the consequence of spillover from surrounding estuaries and rivers that flow to and from your major rivers of the united states, as well as inside water logging. In latest history, Dhaka has knowledgeable major floods in 1954, 1955, 1970, 1974, 1980, 1987, 1988, 1998 and also 2004, due to above flowing of surrounding estuaries and rivers. Of these, the 1988, 1998 and 2004 floods were one of the most damaging.

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32 per cent of shelter units involving katcha-2 and Jupritypes, owned by poorer groups (including the poorest - generally known as hard core poor, who lack the income essential for sufficient food) suffered significant damage of Tk. 195 trillion. The owners were way too poor to mobilize funds automatically.

It is evident via various studies that problems for infrastructure, including roads, normal water supply and housing, ended up being severe in 1998. Many experts have reported that more than 600 kilometers in the total 2, 300 kilometers of road were damaged within this flood. All the informal settlements and businesses located in eastern Dhaka ended up affected. All academic corporations (primary schools, high educational facilities, colleges) in the place were also closed in the flood. It was approximated that 384 kilometers involving paved road were overloaded, a large proportion throughout Gulshan thana.

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With the latest research showing more droughts in the country's north and rising sea levels, more than 30 million Bangladeshis are liable to lose everything from climate change in the next 30 to 50 years, said Atiq Rahman, director of the Bangladesh Centre for Advanced.

The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), an organization created by the United Nations two decades ago to study the human impact on climate trends, predicts South Asia will be particularly hard hit.

For example, the IPCC says the region can expect an increase in monsoon rainfall, resulting in higher water levels in the rivers. The situation will be compounded by melting Himalayan glaciers. Eventually, sea levels will also rise.

Keya Chatterjee, U.S. acting director of the World Wildlife Fund's Climate Change Program, said low-lying countries such as Bangladesh are already experiencing devastating effects from climate change.

Anticipating at the national stage, the world is now considering Bangladesh as a master in tackling climate change and we could indeed become an illustration for other countries. The positive aspect is that there are a very high amount of awareness of the weather change problem amongst all stakeholders and another highlight is very strong bi-partisan political support from every one of the political parties. The other negative issue to make note of is that it will not take much time to reduce one's reputation if something does make a mistake. Hence, it is important that individuals have some good overseeing and evaluation systems applied to keep track with the country's climate change routines.

Finally, a few remarks are manufactured on the adaptation options for Bangladesh in the eventuality of climate change.

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